Flow · Union government → Saving and investment
The Centre's negative gross saving (dissaving)
Value in 2023-24
−₹4.27 lakh crore
−1.5% of GDP
Gross flows can exceed GDP. GDP counts only final output once; the map also shows the inputs firms buy from each other and the money that passes through financial markets.
This is a negative amount. It is drawn as a flow in the opposite direction.
What it is
The Centre's negative gross saving (dissaving). In the year shown, the Union government's current spending was larger than its current receipts. The flow is drawn reversed: the Centre's capital account covers the gap, financed by borrowing. This is saving in the national-accounts sense, not the Budget's revenue deficit. General-government saving is official; its Centre/State split is estimated.
Overlapping series (79.7% of it is in this flow; the rest is in States' saving)
Government gross saving
SAM 2023-24: −1.1% of GDP
- 2022-23: Source changes from mospi_nas_2026_oldbase_nas2025_s1_9 (NO) to mospi_nas_2026_s1_9 (NN). New GDP base (2022-23). Earlier years are on the 2011-12 base; levels are not directly comparable, shares are closer.
Checked against the 2023-24 SAM: the series matches.
What is inside
The entries that make up this flow, largest first.
| Item | Value | Label |
|---|---|---|
| Government saving, Centre and States (K3a · saving_neg) Before → after balancing: −₹3.43 lakh crore → −₹4.30 lakh crore (−25.5%) Why it moved: explained. Explained. K_GCEN <- G_CEN K3a saving_neg, -3,42,973 -> -4,30,437 (-87,464, -25.5%; z 1.255; free low; binding: gov.k3.gg_saving (target -3,18,384, balanced -3,18,384, at its upper edge)). The K3a priors split NAS 2026 S… Held by: GG gross saving = NAS 1.9 (K_GCEN<-G_STA and K_GSTA<-G_CEN do not exist) | −₹4.30 lakh crore | Set by balancing |
| Government saving, Centre and States (K3a · saving_pos) Before → after balancing: ₹3,883 crore → ₹3,094 crore (−20.3%) Why it moved: explained. Explained. K_GCEN <- G_CEN K3a saving_pos, 3,883 -> 3,094 (-789, -20.3%; z 0.797; free low; binding: gov.k3.gg_saving (target -3,18,384, balanced -3,18,384, at its upper edge)). The K3a priors split NAS 2026 St 1.9 GG sa… Held by: GG gross saving = NAS 1.9 (K_GCEN<-G_STA and K_GSTA<-G_CEN do not exist) | ₹3,094 crore | Set by balancing |
Sources
- National Accounts Statistics 2026 (new base 2022-23), per-statement XLSXNational Accounts Division, NSO, MoSPI. Table Statement 1.9, Statement 4.1, Statement 8.15.1. Retrieved 2026-09-29.
- Union Government Finance Accounts, Appropriation Accounts and Accounts at a Glance (audited)Controller General of Accounts (audited by C&AG). Table Finance Accounts 2023-24, Appendix to Statement No. 9 (IGAS-2), Finance Accounts 2023-24, Statement No. 9, Finance Accounts 2023-24, Statement No. 8. Retrieved 2026-09-29.
- State Finances: A Study of Budgets of 2025-26Reserve Bank of India. Table Appendix IV, Appendix II. Retrieved 2026-09-29.Link withheld until RBI grants permission (ISSUES P1-9)
- FC16 ULB Data Dump (Cityfinance)Sixteenth Finance Commission (data from MoHUA / cityfinance.in). Table FC16 ULB Data Dump (Financial & Docs_All_ULBs clean). Retrieved 2026-09-29.
- Union Budget 2026-27 document set (Budget at a Glance, Receipt Budget, Expenditure Budget/Profile, AFS, FRBM statements)Ministry of Finance (Budget Division, DEA). Table Annual Financial Statement, Statement Iii - Public Account Of India - Disbursements, Annual Financial Statement, Statement I - Consolidated Fund Of India - Revenue Account - Receipts, Expenditure Profile, Statement 6. Retrieved 2026-09-29.
Notes on this figure
- Includes negative amounts (shown as a reversed flow)